The Symbolism of Religion and Comparison Argumentative Essay Example For Students

The Symbolism of Religion and Comparison Argumentative Essay The Symbolism of Religion and ComparisonIn comparing the books Confession of the Jews and First Confession,I have found there to be similarities and differences. For example, FirstConfession deals with a boy converting from a boy to a young man by going toconfession and telling his sins for the first time. Conversion of the Jewsdeals with converting a boy into someone he has never really seen which was afree thinker which only older people usually do. In Conversion of the Jews Ozzie, who was the main character, had aproblem with getting along with the priest Rabbi Binder at Hebrew School. RabbiBinder didnt really like Ozzie because he was always asking a lot of questionsand Rabbi Binder was always getting angry at him. In First Confession Jackie,the main character, also had a problem. Jackies problem was similar to Ozzies,but also different. Jackie had a problem with his sister Nora. Nora believedthat Jackie was always lying and being bad. On his confession day his mothersent Nora go with Jackie. Nora ordered Jackie to tell all of his sins, includinghow he was mean to the grandmother who lived with them. We will write a custom essay on The Symbolism of Religion and Comparison Argumentative specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Ozzie seemed troubled to Rabbi Binder in Conversion of the Jews. Inreality Jackie wasnt bad at all, he was just a boy who wanted answers to hisquestions. And that was proved when Ozzie asked a question in class and RabbiBinder went crazy and hit Ozzie because he thought Ozzie was trying to be a wiseguy. So Ozzie tried to prove a point to Rabbi Binder and his fellow classmatesby running to the roof and making believe he was going to jump. With Ozziebeing on the roof it gave Rabbi Binder a bigger belief that Ozzie was crazy andtroubled. Ozzie wasnt really crazy, he was just trying to make a point that hereally wasnt dumb. Ozzie just wanted to believe that there was really a Christ. So with the point that Ozzie was trying to make helped to convert everyone andtheir beliefs. Jackie, like Ozzie, was also troubled in First Confession. He was ayoung boy who lived with his family, including the grandmother. Jackie believedthe grandmother didnt like him very much, so he did mean things to her likehide under the table when she cooked dinner. When it came time for his firstconfession he went with his sister Nora. Nora tormented Jackie and scared himinto believing he was a sinner and he will pay for all of his sins. Jackie wasnot as bad as Nora made him out to be, he was just being a normal young boy. When Jackies turn was up to make his confession, he was unsure of what to do sohe did what he thought was right but messed up and ended up humiliating Nora. In reality the priest did not find anything wrong with what Jackie did, thepriest actually found it to be very amusing. Jackie went ahead and told hissins and ended up only having to say three hail Marys. Nora was in completeshock and could not believe such a sinner got off with such an easy penance, butJackie did and also made good friends with the priest. Religion was very important in both stories. First Confession dealswith being in church and telling sins to a priest which is what most Catholicspractice in a catholic church. In Conversion of the Jews the children went toHebrew School which was a way for the Jews to practice their religion. The twostories are different in religion ways but they are the same for the ways theypreach and how it is taught. .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .postImageUrl , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:hover , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:visited , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:active { border:0!important; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:active , .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50 .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7752e84e218a1bd9364b7d10a3b2bd50:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Importance Of Communication EssayIn comparing the two boys, I would have to say that they are verysimilar in ways of their conscience. Ozzie was scared to get in trouble and hedid not do it on purpose but it always happened that he did get in trouble. Hejust wanted to be taught about his religion the right way but he felt he nevergot the answers he needed to his questions which led him to the roof. He knewit was not right for him to jump off the roof, so he just tormented everyoneinto thinking he was going to jump. He had a guilty conscience because he kneweveryone was starting to worry, but he stayed until he proved his point. As forJackie, I believe his sister Nora g ave him a conscience. She made him believehe was very bad and only sinned all the time. He did not feel so bad when hewas doing the wrong things, but he did feel bad when it was time to confess. Even though he had a conscience of believing he was bad, the priest did notthink he was so bad. By telling the priest all of his sins, Jackie was relievedof his guilty conscience and was finally able to feel good about himself. Not only was their conscience that made them similar, but also theiridentity. Ozzie and Jackie both found who they were in the two stories. Ozziealways believed he was just a trouble maker because that is what he always heard,but I knew he really was not a trouble maker. Ozzie did what he did for apurpose including going to the roof. Being on the roof helped him realize whatwas going on around him. It helped him realize who he was and what he wasbecoming. Ozzie was just a boy wanting to learn without getting into trouble. Jackie found who he was while telling the priest his sins, all of them. Jackiereally was not bad, everyone just told him that he was all the time, so that iswhat he started believing. He was just a boy doing and acting how young boys act. All little kids, including girls, are not perfect, so how can anyone expectJackie to be perfect. Just because Nora believed she was perfect does not meanJackie is bad because he does not follow how Nora acts. Jackie found his trueself while telling the priest all of his sins, which made him feel he canactually live with himself. Reading both stories gave me a sense of what both religions are like. Im catholic and already know what it is like to go to confession, but I neverhad an experience like Jackie. I am very familiar with the Jewish religion, butnever heard of Ozzies experience, not that it even happens in everyday life. Religion

Speed the Plow essays

Speed the Plow essays Wow getting there was a big hassle. We almost didnt even find the place but finally we did and arrived about 5 minutes late. This was only my third play that I have seen and I didnt know what to expect going into the play. I made a right choice this time by reading the playbill so that I understood what I was watching. I found this to be very useful in understanding what was going on in the play. When I first got to the play we had to sit up in the seats above the audience. So we were looking down at the play for the first part before intermission. As I started watching the play at first the actors didnt seem to believable. There acting didnt look that good and I was upset because I paid good money and I thought it was going to be bad. The first part of the play was good because eventually it got better and the way they were acting improved maybe a little from what I thought. But honestly I thought that in the beginning it wasnt that good. Probably cause all the action was at the end of the play and that is why it was boring. The set up was nice I liked it all pretty much. It was believable and looked like they put some effort towards it. Oh yeah like something I didnt like was at intermission or when like a scene changed you could see like the people changing the stuff around to make it look different. I dont know about that I really didnt like that. Somethi ng I did like and kept me into the play was the music they played. It was good music and I knew some of it to so that was pretty cool. I like the small cast play I dont know why but I enjoy them better. I guess its because like you know all the characters and youre not seeing like a bunch of new ones every second. I liked the fighting at the end. That was my first fighting scene I have scene in a play and I thought it came out pretty good. Maybe if there was a l ...

John Muir Biography

John Muir Biography John Muir is a significant figure of the 19th century as he stood opposed to the exploitation of natural resources at a time when many believed the resources of the earth were infinite. Muirs writings were influential, and as co-founder and first president of the Sierra Club, he was an icon and inspiration to the conservation movement. He is widely remembered as the father of the National Parks. As a young man, Muir demonstrated an unusual talent for building and maintaining mechanical devices. And his skill as a machinist might have made a very good living in a rapidly industrializing society. Yet his love of nature drew him away from workshops and factories. And he would joke about how he gave up pursuing the life of a millionaire to live like a tramp. Early Life John Muir was born at Dunbar, Scotland on April 21, 1838. As a small boy, he enjoyed the outdoors, climbing hills and rocks in the rough Scottish countryside. His family sailed to America in 1849 with no apparent destination in mind but wound up settling on a farm in Wisconsin. Muir’s father was tyrannical and ill-suited to farm life, and young Muir, his brothers and sisters, and his mother did much of the work on the farm. After receiving some infrequent schooling and educating himself by reading what he could, Muir was able to attend the University of Wisconsin to study science. He gave up college to pursue various jobs which relied on his unusual mechanical aptitude. As a young man, he received recognition for being able to make working clocks out of carved wooden pieces and also inventing various useful gadgets. Travels to the American South and West During the Civil War, Muir moved across the border to Canada to avoid being conscripted. His action was not viewed as a terribly controversial maneuver at a time when others could legally buy their way out of the draft. After the war, Muir moved to Indiana, where he used his mechanical skills in factory work until an accident nearly blinded him. With his sight mostly restored, he fixated on his love of nature and decided to see more of the United States. In 1867 he embarked on an epic hike from Indiana to the Gulf of Mexico. His ultimate goal was to visit South America. After reaching Florida, Muir became ill in the tropical climate. He abandoned his plan to go to South America, and eventually caught a boat to New York, where he then caught another boat that would take him â€Å"around the horn† to California. John Muir arrived in San Francisco in late March 1868. That spring he walked to the place that would become his spiritual home, Californias spectacular Yosemite Valley. The valley, with its dramatic granite cliffs and majestic waterfalls, touched Muir deeply and he found it difficult to leave. At that time, parts of Yosemite were already protected from development, thanks to the Yosemite Valley Grant Act signed by President Abraham Lincoln in 1864. Early tourists were already coming to view the astonishing scenery, and Muir took a job working in a sawmill owned by one of the early innkeepers in the valley. Muir stayed in the vicinity of Yosemite, exploring the area, for most of the next decade. Settling Down, for a Time After returning from a trip to Alaska to study glaciers in 1880, Muir married Louie Wanda Strentzel, whose family owned a fruit ranch not far from San Francisco. Muir began working the ranch, and became reasonably prosperous in the fruit business, thanks to the attention to detail and enormous energy he typically poured into his pursuits. Yet the life of a farmer and businessman didn’t satisfy him. Muir and his wife had a somewhat unconventional marriage for the time. As she recognized that he was most happy in his travels and explorations, she encouraged him to travel while she remained at home on their ranch with their two daughters. Muir often returned to Yosemite, and also made several more trips to Alaska. Yosemite National Park Yellowstone was named the first National Park in the United States in 1872, and Muir and others began to campaign in the 1880s for the same distinction for Yosemite. Muir published a series of magazine articles making his case for further protection of Yosemite. Congress passed legislation declaring Yosemite a National Park in 1890, thanks in large part to Muir’s advocacy. The Founding of the Sierra Club A magazine editor with whom Muir had worked, Robert Underwood Johnson, suggested that some organization should be formed to continue to advocate for Yosemite’s protection. In 1892, Muir and Johnson founded the Sierra Club, and Muir served as its first president. As Muir put it, the Sierra Club was formed to â€Å"do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.† The organization continues at the forefront of the environmental movement today, and Muir, of course, is a powerful symbol of the club’s vision. Friendships When the writer and philosopher Ralph Waldo Emerson visited Yosemite in 1871, Muir was virtually unknown and still working in a sawmill. The men met and became good friends, and continued corresponding after Emerson returned to Massachusetts. John Muir gained considerable fame in his life through his writings, and when notable people visited California and specifically Yosemite they often sought his insights. In 1903 President Theodore Roosevelt visited Yosemite and was guided about by Muir. The two men camped under the stars in the Mariposa Grove of giant Sequoia trees, and their campfire conversation helped form Roosevelts own plans for conserving Americas wilderness. The men also posed for an iconic photograph atop Glacier Point. When Muir died in 1914, his obituary in the New York Times noted his friendships with Thomas Edison and President Woodrow Wilson. Legacy In the 19th century, many Americans believed natural resources should be consumed with no limits. Muir was utterly opposed to this concept, and his writings presented an eloquent counterpoint to the exploitation of the wilderness. Its difficult to imagine the modern conservation movement without the influence of Muir. And to this day he casts an enormous shadow over how people live, and conserve, in the modern world.

Concideration of fraud in an audit Research Paper

Concideration of fraud in an audit - Research Paper Example FRAUD Fraud is a word used in broader concepts and approaches. It basically refers to any illegal action characterized by deceit and concealment which isn’t conducted under any violence, force or threat. The aim of every fraudulent activity is an undue advantage which could be institutional or personal. (Flostoiu.2012) Characteristics of Fraud: Fraud results in victim that loses a benefit because of the criminal’s fraud. It is represented by a series of illegal actions and irregularities which are all planned with the intention to deceive. Fraud is also referred to activities which involve concealment of information that was to be revealed by an obligation and intended omission of certain information or documents including misstatements and misrepresentation of information. Fraud also includes falsification of financial situations, corruption and theft. It is always important to distinguish between a fraud and error. The results of both error and fraud could be the same , but fraud is committed intentionally while error happens unintentionally. (Flostoiu.2012) Fraud Triangle Theory: A fraud triangle is a model which discloses the factors found in fraudsters at all levels of organization. This theory researched about the factors that force honest people to commit fraud. These factors could be summed as Pressure/Incentive, Opportunity and Rationalization that put an individual in a position to conduct fraud. (Dorminey, Scott, Kranacher & Riley. 2010) In a Fraud Triangle pressure refers to situations that put mental pressure/incentive on an individual which forces him to commit fraud. These situations could include excessive credit card debts, gambling debts, extended unemployment, family or peer pressures, unbearable expenditures and financial difficulties etc. For an auditor, pressure is difficult to identify in a fraudster as there is no personal interaction with him. (Dorminey, Scott, Kranacher & Riley. 2010) Opportunity as the word suggests, is a n instance where the fraudster finds a loophole in the controls which prevent fraud. An employee usually finds a chance where he can commit fraud without being detected. This opportunity for an employee can arise from weak internal controls and inability of frauds being detected, lack of training, weak ethical culture where honesty in doing business isn’t considered a priority and lack of supervision etc. Most opportunities arising situations for fraud include lack of internal controls like segregation of duties not being implemented properly. (Dorminey, Scott, Kranacher & Riley. 2010) Rationalization refers to that state of mind where the fraudster convinces himself that whatever fraud he has committed was either not wrong or even it was wrong it an be corrected later on by returning the money or compensating for it. Another state of rationalization is found when a fraudster convinces himself that he deserves the stolen money. The reason for this rationalization could be the unfair treatment in the organization like a recent promotion or increment not being offered which forces him to believe that has been victimized. (Kassem, Rasha, & Higson, Andrew. 2012) Recent researchers have extended the Fraud Triangle and added a fourth factor to the triangle making it as a diamond. This factor is the capability of the fraudster to conduct fraud. Capabilities include the traits of the fraudster i.e. in presence of the three factors of fraud

Margaret Thatcher Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Margaret Thatcher - Essay Example One of the unique strengths of MargaretThatcher was that she was able to counter male chauvinism and sexism that was present in the British system. The British society perceived that women belonged at home and that important matters of leadership belonged to men. It is evident that she defied all the rules and norms to vie for various political positions from her days at Oxford University. According to Aitken, Thatcher maneuvered through a wave of gender discrimination which emanated from all directions. She was even crucified by members of her own party. A minister in her government was heard referring to her as ‘that bloody woman’, implying that she was not a favorite in the political scene. Margaret Thatcher, she was bound by strong values from her childhood. History affirms that she was born in a Christian family that had special rules and norms. This implies that she valued accountability and transparency in her daily activities. Her attitude towards service to the populace was unprecedented as she advocated for massive economic renovations through an all-inclusive process. This was done due to the need to be a servant to the people. Another notable strength is that she believed in change and abolition of status quo. This point asserts that the British society regarded women as weak and could ensure that the situation remains intact. However, Thatcher was poised to pose a challenge to the setup and bring in a new way of thinking about the people. This was manifested by the way she handled issues head on as the leader of the government.

Test Questions Political Science Essay Example for Free

Test Questions Political Science Essay In international power relations, the use of force refers to the process whereby military power is used to settle down international issues. This has been a long-term solution to issues of international concern as it is influential and brings about an enduring solution. On the other hand, exchange is a strategy that utilization of cultural exchange approaches to settle down international conflicts (Little, 2007). Exchange strategy profoundly serves as the best strategy as it uses peaceful mechanisms through considerations of the diverse nature of different international environments. Do you believe you are living in the cave described by Plato?             In my own interpretation of my life and the era I am living in, I am certain that I am not living in the cave described by Plato. For instance, I am freed from the slavery of ignorance by education and my â€Å"mind’s eye† and my â€Å"sensual eyes† are open. This has impact in the current political scene as my impact can bring a positive or negative change in the politics of the land through education (Heidegger Sadler, 2012). Karl Marxs definition of the classes under capitalism             Karl Marx argued that the social relations of production indulge diverse classes. The Marxist concepts are very significant in the current world as they circuitously condemn capitalism, view classes as the engine for societal change as well as arguing that classes are defined by the ownership of property (Elster, 2006). As a matter of fact, the philosopher attributes people’s alienation to the created social classes. In addition, Marx claimed that a state could improve in relation to the available social, cultural and political structures. Abortion and judicial decisions             According to research, the issue of abortion is mostly discussed during the period of presidential campaigns (Tatalovich, 2007). However, the courts may decide to deliver their judgments in favor of the constitution or particular laws even if the ruling parties have a moral objection to the verdict. However, abortion may be significant if carried out in the right way, the right place as well as for a valid reason. To deliver a judgment in an event of moral objection, the Supreme Court should apply the laws and regulations the constitution. References Elster, J. (2006). An introduction to Karl Marx. Cambridge [Cambridgeshire: Cambridge University Press. Heidegger, M., Sadler, T. (2012). The essence of truth: On Platos parable of the cave allegory and Theaetetus. London: Continuum. Bottom of Form Little, R. (2007). The balance of power in international relations: Metaphors, myths, and models. New York: Cambridge University Press. Tatalovich, R. (2007). The politics of abortion in the United States and Canada: A comparative study. Armonk, N.Y: M.E. Sharpe. Source document

Rate of Reaction Coursework Essay -- GCSE Chemistry Coursework Investi

Investigate if changing the concentration of an acid will change the rate of the reaction when marble is dissolved in hydrochloric acid. Apparatus Marble Chips Conical Flask Hydrochloric Acid Gas Syringe Delivery Tube Stop Watch Fair Test To make the experiment a fair test I will use the same amount of acid for each concentration. I will do this by using a capillary tube because they are very accurate. I will use 3g of marble in each concentration of acid. I will clean everything out before I start the next experiment with a different experiment. Safety ====== Magnesium is flamable and when it reacts with acid an exothermic reaction takes place releasing a large amount of heat energy. Acids are corosive so saftey glasses must be worn. Method I will use Marble chips all of a small size. I have decided to use 3g or marble chips. The amount of acid I have decided on is 20ml. I will measure this by using a burette, a very thin tube that lets out the acid when you turn the tap; it gets very accurate amounts of acid. I can measure the speed of the reaction by how much gas is given off. I can measure this in cm3 in a gas syringe. When the experiment takes place, I will take the reading every 10 second to get a good graph for the results. If the reaction goes very quickly, I will take the readings every five seconds. I will use acid of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2 and 2.5 molar concentrations. To be sure I can rely on my results I will repeat he experiment twice or three times if necessary, because there is chance of inaccurate results for many reasons. Calcium Carbonate + Hydrochloric acid Calcium Chloride + Water + Carbon Dioxide CaCO3 + 2HCl CaCl2 + H2O + CO2 Prediction ========== I predict that if the concentration of the Hydrochloric a... ...would have been a lot similar. If I did use Powder however, the concentration of acid may have had to be weakened as the reaction would have taken place a lot quicker due to the very large surface area and readings wouldn't have been as accurate. Secondly, an inaccuracy may have been caused by the fact that the temperature may have dropped during the reaction. This could have been used if I used a water bath to heat up the acid to a constant temperature. You have to allow for a margin of human error during the experiment, some people react slower than others and you have to rely on the person taking the readings with the stopwatch. The results were reliable because they were almost the same in both experiments, even though there was an anomalous result; it happened in both experiments, so the results were still relibale, I have no explination for the anomalous result.

Racism and Sociology Essay

The Plight of Man   Racism has punctuated the shaping of society for centuries, each major instance of which has helped dictate the direction of social interaction. Although we have come a long way in addressing the situation, it still remains a prevalent issue today. Being a global citizen in this day and age, one has a responsibility to be tolerant, as social circles overlap in a multicultural environment, and the luxury of being informed, grace of the globalizing advances in technology and social media. We live in a melting pot society and the idea of â€Å"Racism† holds no place in the modern world. Being collections of individuals who perceive ourselves to be members of the same social category, we share similar emotional involvements and we experience social overlap. To have conflict or strife in the community, as a result of racial animosity, degrades the moral pillars upon which society is built and results in what is effectively a civil war. The population experiences stratification and the distribution of social rewards are poorly distributed, as are the burdens. These institutionalized mis-allocations as a result of race or ethnicity continue to perpetuate prejudice and create a minority group, which is characterized namely by lack of social power or authority. The term â€Å"Prejudice† refers to attitudes of aversion and hostility toward the members of a group simply because they belong to it and hence are presumed to have the objectionable qualities ascribed to it. The results of deeply engrained racial prejudices are active racial discriminations and the arbitrary denial of privilege, prestige, and power to members of a minority group. With every stigma attached to members of a certain culture, the potential for conflict and separation increases, as does the social and political stress. These prejudices can be very deeply engrained, because of the nationalistic tendencies, on both sides, to carve your own independent nation out of an existing state. These tendencies set the tone and direction for the social interactions to come. In North American society, immigration has long since been a part of our heritage and until recently had very lenient immigration laws allowing immigrants from Africa, China and people of varying faiths and groups to retained their  cultural identities and distinctiveness for many years.   As a result of these multi-ethnic societies, certain ethnic groups can lose their personal distinctiveness through the process of assimilation, or retain their identity and integrity through the process of pluralism. Assimilation refers to those processes whereby groups with distinctive identities become culturally and socially fused. Pluralism refers to a situation in which diverse groups coexist and boundaries between them are maintained. There are two distinct direction in terms of mind-set when practicing pluralism: Equal Pluralism, where ethnic group members participate freely and equally in political and economic institutions. And: Unequal Pluralism, where economic and political participation of minority groups is severely limited by the dominant group and may even entail genocide. Through the scope of global media we’ve been able to catch a glimpse all of these social phenomenons at play. From racist remarks in professional sports leagues, to hate fueled attacks at home as well as abroad, we can see these interactions affect public opinion and incite unique reactions.   When a race is being discriminated against, it becomes very difficult for a person of that race to compete, survive, and strive in that society. Because the allocation of social benefits and opportunity are not based on the merits of the individual, but rather preconceived notions. The contemporary or modern racism has been derived from many different places and ideas, one of the most common ideas being upbringing. As a youth, we are malleable and we rely on our parents to help us become who we are. Part of that involves how their own experiences have shaped their attitude. Distinct opinions, that of which children don’t have the maturity to form on their own. They rely on the education of their parents. But not only that, they believe it whole-heartedly; not having known anything else. This is often where the problem starts. Racism creates boundaries for people with potentially great minds and does not allow for a collective contribution of its citizens, which I believe t o be a critical component of a country’s development and success. If a class of people is not allowed to be educated, they cannot make important contributions in a society of technological advances and medical arenas. The denial of quality education to certain groups of people only serves to obstruct the economic progress of a nation. If we ostracize a  class of people and don’t allow them to participate culturally, we fail to understand and appreciate our differences and similarities, we fail to improve and we fail to develop socially.   These issues can be analyzed from multiple different perspectives. Some see society as a system made up of a number of interrelated and interdependent elements, each performing a function that contributes to the operation of the whole and others as power struggle over scarce resources, while for some, society is based on human interaction. Let’s start with Functionalism, focusing on dysfunction or disorganization within the social system as a cause for conflict. The premise behind the Functionalism perspective on race is that there would be a consensus between different ethnicities and race as immigration continued and our social circles continued to overlap. Naturally, to have this consensus, the minority group would need to assimilate with the larger group. At which point, they would become working and active members of society, contributing towards the benefit of the dominant ethnicity. At the core of Functionalism, is the idea of harmony but Functionalists do say that ethnic differentiation reduces consensus, increases the chances of conflict, and threatens the equilibrium of a society. Racism interferes with the efficient operation, the stability of the system and the achievement of societal goals. The saving grace for this theory is that it also promotes group formation and cohesion. The process of assimilation, in which a minority becomes absorbed into the dominant society -socially, economically, and culturally- infers willingness to participate and becomes a part of the majority social circle. The Conflict Theory perspective would involve all the different groups in society fighting amongst each other for all available resources and opportunities for advancement or personal betterment. When a sub-population feels somehow disadvantaged or are not receiving a sufficient share of the resources, be they money, power, prestige, or respected values and work to overcome those perceived disadvantages. This theory relates back to Marxist train of tho ugh and his famous â€Å"Class Theory† where these struggles for resources are limited to conflict between castes in society. This perspective argues for class-based conflict as an inherent and fundamental part of society, Conflict Theory promotes the idea that racial and ethnic conflict is in fact  tied to class conflict and that in order to reduce racial and ethnic conflict, class conflict must first be reduced. Some cultures in the past, because of these repetitive battles over assets, have been bred out of War and as a result were quick to behave in a conflicting manner. The conflict is related to ethnocentrism and for more reasons than one relates directly to racism. Symbolic Interactionism is the individuals experience with and insight into meaning, as a function of interactions. The primary determinant of behaviour is the understanding that people have for one another. We start to see social problems and conflict in Symbolic Interaction when some social condition is defined by an influential group as stigmatizing or threatening to their values and disruptive of normal social expectations. Society, for a Symbolic Interactionist, is a network of interlocking roles and understanding your role, is pivotal. Social order is constructed mainly through interaction as individuals, through shared ground, explore their social world. The thing that first sets Symbolic Interaction into motion, from a racial perspective, is Competition: creating a niche for people by dividing urban space. Making it a prime medium through which to analyze the effect of racism on behaviour. Generally, the Functionalist perspective looks at society as a complex system. Functionalists aim to focus on different contributions to social solidarity and stability. Orthodox Functionalism did not technically envelop critical analyses of race or ethnicity, going instead for perceiving race as another constituent element. This element, within the larger whole of society, that is assimilated into its harmonious and smooth functioning’s. From this perspective, societies can be seen as finely tuned, interacting, and fundamentally relational constructs that function like organisms, with all different facets of the model are continuously, and unconsciously working towards social equilibrium. Given this repetitive emphasis on equilibrium and harmony, the Functionalist perspective easily allows for specific micro and macro analyses’ of more explicit race-inspired issues such as hate crimes or social power discrepancies and general racial conflict. It allows for the microana lyses in that most of modern sociology is oriented around the individual and trying to identity formation of the socially constructed nature of race. It is much less well adapted to  understanding individual discrimination and prejudice because it ignores the inequalities that cause tension and conflict. The Conflict theory, although it does account for much of the tensions seen is a discriminant world, is much to inclusive of all classes for it to be the main theory that can describe the tensions precipitated by race. To that effect, the Conflict Theory revolves around competition for resources and precipitates a much better scope through which to analyze of racist behaviour. The Symbolic Interaction Theory encapsulates the individualistic nature of mans behaviour as well as the social aspect of it. Peoples interactions with each other are attaching meaning to one another’s actions instead of merely responding or reacting to them. Human interaction is mediated by the use of a more subtle language of symbols and signification, by interpretation, or by ascertaining the meaning of one another’s actions. This can be done collaboratively in the instance of a one on one form of behavioural interpretation, as in attacks, or general attitude interpretation, as in social stigma s. We can clearly see the necessary relationships that define racism, in this day and age, with the Symbolic Interaction alone. Functionalism makes much available through its similar perspective but it’s lack of attention to the micro scale of society and the truly individualistic approach that humans take to understanding, and exhibiting behaviour makes it’s contributions lacking a key aspect of racism. The Symbolic Interaction also takes into account the Correspondence Bias and it’s tendency to overestimate the extent to which people’s behaviour is due to internal, dispositional factors; and to underestimate the role of situational factors. Biology and nature are very deeply connected and share a complex relationship. Early outlook of this relationship revealed that culture is slightly a product of biology. More recent perspective, however, is that human culture has reversed this particular causal direction and, culture can actually influence human evolution, which I personally think is where we’re at now. Racism ranges from the abstract micro interactions that stem from socializing negatively and being misinformed to concrete, cultural objects. We need to strive for a functioning society and the only way there will be  to work collectively. In conclusion, humans are naturally competitive, and naturally we’re going to continue to be competitive in nature. The only thing we can do is attempt to step outside of the boundaries that are set for us socially and the ones we personally set for ourselves. We are inherently social creatures, even though our Western perspective of self is more introspect-based, it ’s all about society in then end. Bibliography (Diana Kendall, 2008). Social Problems in a Diverse Society 2nd. Canadian Edition. Pearson Augie Fleras (2005) Social Problems in Canada: conditions, constructions and challenges. 4th. Canadian Edition. Pearson/Prentice Hall

The Juggler Essay

â€Å"I want to believe in faith and risk and a world where you can stand beneath the grey October sky and flash your own colours through the air like a magician† (218 -221, p. 6). These beautiful lines constitute the final conclusion of the short story, â€Å"The Juggler†, written by Ursula Hegi and published in 2001. The story deals with themes such as beauty, letting go and being stuck in the past. The short story takes place in Coeur d’ Alene in the first weekend of October. An unnamed first person narrator tells the story of her daughter, Zoe and her boyfriend, Michael who have come to visit her. It is the first time she meets Michael, who is a counsellor at the school where her daughter teaches. They go to the cinema and on a beautiful canoe trip together. Michael seems to be a very nice guy and Zoe loves him. What separates Michael from the majority, however, is the fact that he is turning blind. The mother seems to have a very difficult time handling this, which is seen in her inner monologue â€Å"I like him (Michael) – or, rather; I could like him, if only he were not turning blind. Or if he were not with my daughter. I want more for Zoe.† (ll. 115-117, p. 4). It also seems as if she has ambitions on behalf of her daughter â€Å"I want more for Zoe†. We are told that Zoe’s father left the family when she was very young. Perhaps the mother’s dreams and ambitions vanished with her housebound/boyfriend. Therefore, she now lives her life trough her daughter and has resigned and almost accepted that she is in the autumn of her life unable to see the colours of the world. Another reason for her to dislike Michael is the obvious fact that he is stealing Zoe away. This seems to be her main issue with him. She thinks that he, due to his handicap, requires too much attention from Zoe, â€Å"He’ll need you far too much†(l. 177, p. 5). To this Zoe replies, â€Å"That should feel familiar, then† (l. 178, p. 5) as a reference to what leads to another important issue in the text; the narrator has, ever since Zoe’s father left her, been very dependant on Zoe. This is suggested in one of her streams of  consciousness, â€Å"Sometimes I felt Zoe and I were growing up together. Other times I felt like I were eleven and she thirty†(ll. 91 – 92, p. 3). The mother almost bursts into self-oscillation when she tells Michael about her memories with Zoe. This could lead to the conclusion that Zoe is used to taking responsibility for other people and, seen from a homespun psychological point of view, perhaps likes the fact that Michael reminds her of her mother in the way that he needs her. Another result of the mother’s loneliness and dependency on her daughter is the fact that she cannot let her go. She lives in the past and loves the memories of a time she refuses to leave, nor can she ever leave it unless she accepts the fact that Zoe is now a grown up. She has her own life now. The bird has flown. So maybe she should just handle her over to Michael. After all he is not a maniac killer or anything. He seems rather nice and Zoe really loves him, but the narrator simply is too jealous to be happy for her daughter, â€Å"Zoe turns, smiling at him with so much light in her eyes that I have to look away† (ll. 74 – 75, p. 3). The writer leaves, in a very discrete but intelligent and awfully interesting way, many symbols and details for further interpretation. For instance, a visual description of the narrator has been left out. Therefore, she appears as a set of thoughts, which on one side means that the events that take place in the story often are followed by the narrator’s streams of consciousness, which work perfectly well and gives the reader a great understanding of the mother’s actions and issues. However, on the other side it creates a paradox and it is very ironic seen in relation to the mother’s prejudice towards Michael’s blindness. We do not see her from the outside. We only see her from the inside. In other words, we see her exactly as Michael would see her. This makes her a victim of a â€Å"blind reader†. It is a funny and interesting detail from the writer. Another paradox is the fact that the narrator plays the cello and when Zoe & Michael leaves and she finds herself in despair she listens to Vivaldi. It is funny how she finds comfort in something audial, music, when she sees Michael’s blindness as something finite, as the end of beauty. Perhaps the most important symbol is, as the title suggests, the Juggler who  sort of frames the story. At the beginning Michael, Zoe and the mother are going to the cinema. On their way to the cinema the narrator sees a man who juggles smilingly with a basin and some swords. Suddenly, he loses the basin and the narrator grasps Michael’s shoulder as were she frightened by the fact that the juggler had failed. At the end of the story the narrator sees the juggler again but this time she has got a new realization. She envies his fearlessness, â€Å"Whenever he drops something, he smiles and reaches down and juggles once again(†¦). And without fear. Fear of being ridiculed (†¦)† (ll. 111 – 216, p. 6) She also reflects on the fact that he allways juggles with two of one kind and one of another. As if an equal trinity is impossible. As if a trinity requires differences. Perhaps Michael, Zoe and the narrator are all the â€Å"one of a another† and th e â€Å"two of one kind† at the same time. Watching the Juggler leads to the incredibly beautiful ending sentence that reveals some degree of regret in the mother. â€Å"I want to believe in faith and risk and a world where you can stand beneath the grey October sky and flash your own colors through the air like a magician† (218 -221, p. 6). Do these thoughts not sum up the core of life? Faith and risk. Roman philosopher, Lucius Annaeus Seneca once said, †Luck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity† in other words you have to keep an open mind and be ready to take your chances when they occur – we make our own luck. It is not enough to sit and wait for your turn. You have to confront life! You have to fight a little. The mother blows her chances. Beauty is all around her; The Juggler who is not afraid of failing, the wonderful idyllic canoe trip, her daughter who is madly in love with a good man who makes her eyes light like phosphorescence in the see of the night. Is that not the dream of any parent, to see your child happy? Ironically, she realizes this to late, which is the common issue in life. It is always about timing and balance like juggling. Like flashing your colours in the autumn of your life. Like letting your beloved child fly on and feel happiness. Like defying the never-ending storms of despair and uncertainty. Like living. Beauty takes risks.

discrimination among the youth Essays

discrimination among the youth Essays discrimination among the youth Essay discrimination among the youth Essay Essay Topic: 6th Grade Outline Introduction a. Thesis : No matter how innocent the Medias appear to be, whats being communicated is desensitizing and reinforcing discrimination among the youth b. Plan: address arguments as they appear in paragraphs c. Background info: Personal example, questioning, going for a more emotional start. Supporting argument a. How much time people/youth spend watching TV and on the web and how it factors into how they think and form biases. b. What messages the media is telling why its targeting the younger audience. The outcome of those messages are telling ounger crowds its cool to display or act out negative stereotypes which they get discriminated against. c. Children arent born with discriminations, they are taught them or allowed to have them Assessment of objections a. Responsible parents will guide and direct a child, by limiting his or her viewing time and monitoring content. b. Discrimination is a dying idea, and we as a race have moved on so its okay to make light of the stereotypes. It makes for entertaining movies and news. No real harm done. c. Children grow out of things Conclusion a. Reinstate the thesis. b. Bring new meaning to the thesis and provide sum thoughtful solutions c. Close with a poem. The discrimination of youth Lets imaging for a moment that I am a young brave 19 year old fresh out of high school. If I were to be making a choice between going to the movies with one friend rather than another based on uncomfortable feelings, there wouldnt be anything unusual about it. But, lets say I chose that one friend over the other based on how their race makes me feel uncomfortable, now things are starting to push out of bounds. Then, I go a step further and make it a point to tell others that they shouldnt ang out with African American males because they all carry weapons and that makes them all dangerous. I would then be the walking definition ot racial discrimination because IVe singled out a certain group of people with an unfair understanding rather than focusing on the qualities of that one friend. History tells us that somebody somewhere has these views, but to suggest that I was born thinking that African males are all dangerous seems pretty unlikely. This is a stereotype and the ground for which racial discrimination builds on. Children grow up believing what their environment surrounds them with, which means that iscrimination of any kind is a learned notion and not totally self generated. There are many causes for these biases to form in young minds but I believe that the most important cause of today is the saturation of mass media and its influence. Regardless of how innocent the Medias appear to be, whats being communicated is desensitizing and reinforcing discrimination among the youth. Did you know that according to the Nielsen numbers the average American spends about 4 hours a day watching TV, thats almost 30 hours a week and 2 full months a year glued to the tube or popular social media sites. Americans as a single group watch annually 250 billion hours of television (Nielsen 6) and spend about the same amount of time listening to music. Yet interestingly enough when a survey was conducted nearly half of adult Americans admitted that they watch too much television and wish they hadnt. When asked about their children they said the same thing but with a higher number of exceptions and excuses as to why they dont enforce a limit on view time. Excuses such as l need time for myself, my child has ADD and will only sit still while watching TV and its not so bad because they are oung and cartoons are harmless but some shows arent appropriate. So to make sense of this correctly, Americans know that they watch too much television but when it comes to their children theyre more concerned about the content then the time spent idle. Media defenders state that responsible parents set limits because they dont want their children exposed to violence and adult themes, claiming they understand that it would damage teachings about discrimination and morality. True, but the problem is that when I was 10 1 watched anything I wanted because I knew ore about the channel guide than my parents did. In a study done by A. C. Nielsen CO the number of hate-crimes and murders a child sees before finishing elementary school is 8000 and 200,000 before adulthood despite parental guidance. Large amounts of popular music has also added its sway with the use of more and more explicit content. Just on the surface their lyrics include discriminating against women as disposable sexual objects and boastful lies to everyone about the Joys of doing and selling drugs, need I go on? Most messages the media send to children are harmless and entertaining but in o way come from the heart of a nonprofit organization. Movies and shows are planned out and obviously marketed toward a younger audience which is perfectly legal. Skeptics believe that since discrimination of all kinds has lessened over the years its safe enough to Just ignore it. This might be okay for grownups, however as children grow up they begin to role model their peers, parents and older siblings thinking that what they do is important and acceptable. In many sad cases where a child is abused by someone older it often leads to an unhealthy outlet of some sort. Theres a saying that misery loves company and there are whole genres of music and tilms devoted to wallowing in it Children dont completely understand now the world works yet so when certain stereotypes of people are presented on screen in a way that relates to them, it reinforces a notion the child may desire to belong to. For example the term emo has a lot of loose meanings but from what I understand, its an awful stereotype; its a young person who is very emotional, dressed in a darker manner who listens to depressing music and might be afflicting physical injury on themselves. If this preconception is so negative then why do kids every day in high school associate themselves with being emo? I argue because both home life (including social media, magazines and music) and public life (school) influence them so immensely that they tolerate discrimination aimed at themselves. Its estimated that the average youth spends almost 900 hours at school per year and 1 500 hours watching TV or surfing the internet (Nielsen 20, 21). The reality is that adults are busy and cant monitor every moment of their childs life. The final point I want to make is that again no one is born biased. The media has been influential is raising a generation of young people who dont understand themselves and on top of that believe in clich? © unrealistic lifestyles. African American Rappers pump out lyrics and music videos about driving Cadillacs, escaping from the cops, getting with every hot girl and drinking till 4 am in the morning. In my own experience growing up I have known many African Americans peers who idolized these rappers and acted Just like them. A vivid example I remember was in 6th grade when a shy pretty girl in my class asked if she could blow her nose, immediately one f my black friends shouted you a dirty hoe! that followed with a crying girl and 3 day suspension. I still dont blame him though, for acting that way, I blame first his parents and second the garbage I knew he listened to. There was no need for him to shout that but he felt compelled by what he thought was cool or funny to say. I fully understand that people grow out of things and discrimination can change but thats not the issue here. Whats substantial is the amount of evidence piled high against the media. In a cover story about the new 2013 M rated game Grand Theft Auto, a tore clerk spoke out about how many copies he sold to parents who didnt give a dam about how old their child was (Kotaku 1). The gameplay consisted of Joining a gang of murderers, theft and a whole bunch of prostitution. Thats right, parents are openly inviting their child to commit digital hate crimes and laugh at situations they arent old enough to handle. So now IVe seen it all. Singer-songwriter Jack Johnson is a well-known childrens folk artists and he talks about the real root of the problem namely the human condition, singing it was you, it as me, it was every man, we all got the blood on our hands, we only receive what we demand and if we want hell then hells what well have (on and on album) meaning that the media is Just a two way mirror reflecting the things we want to see. He accounts the invention of the television as magic at first, but let everyone down, now this worlds gonna hurt, u better turn that thing down, or turn it around (on and on album). The invention of TV was amazing at first and Ill be the first to say how much I love watching movies but there is definitely too many inappropriate things on elevision these days. I will admit that as responsible adults we must be more aware of the digital age and rate its expanding, every precaution to make it harder for children to witness violent or racial events should be taken seriously. Youth centers are an ettective way to reach children because they instill good morals and reveal the media messages that could potentially cause biases. Responsive steps also include crack downs on rating enforcers to make it harder for children or irresponsible parents to purchase mature material and more protocols for social media sites. I could spend all day coming up with responses to combat the Medias influence but conclusively, as long as critics are bribed into writing false reviews and Hollywood is making money, I fear there will be an ever going cycle of discrimination. Work cited www. kotaku. com. . K0taku, 2309 2013. web. 18 NOV 2013.. Herrman, Norman. Television and Health. 2007 the sourcebook for teaching science. California state university, n. d. Web. 19 Nov 2013.. Discrimination and the media. CHildren and discrimination. children rights information, 01 7 2013. web. 19 NOV 2013.

Study Guide for the Medieval Morality Play Everyman

Study Guide for the Medieval Morality Play 'Everyman' Written in England during the 1400s, The Summoning of Everyman (commonly known as Everyman) is a Christian morality play. No one knows who wrote the play. Historians have noted that monks and priests often wrote these types of dramas. Basic Plot God decides that Everyman (a character who represents an average, everyday human) has become too obsessed with wealth and material possessions. Therefore, Everyman must be taught a lesson in piety. And who better to teach a life lesson than a character named Death? Man Is Unkind God’s chief complaint is that humans are ignorantly leading sinful lives, unaware that Jesus died for their sins. Everyman has been living for his own pleasure, forgetting about the importance of charity and the potential threat of eternal hellfire. Upon God’s bidding, Death summons Everyman to take a pilgrimage to the Almighty. When Everyman realizes that the Grim Reaper has called upon him to face God and give a reckoning of his life, he tries to bribe Death to â€Å"defer this matter till another day.† The bargaining doesn’t work. Everyman must go before God, never to return to Earth again. Death does say that the hapless hero can take along anyone or anything that may benefit him during this spiritual trial. Friends and Family Are Fickle After Death leaves Everyman to prepare for his day of reckoning (the moment in which God judges him), Everyman approaches a character named Fellowship, a supporting role that represents Everyman’s friends. At first, Fellowship is full of bravado. When Fellowship learns that Everyman is in trouble, he promises to stay with him until the problem is resolved. However, as soon as Everyman reveals that Death has summoned him to stand before God, Fellowship ditches the poor guy. Kindred and Cousin, two characters that represent family relationships, make similar promises. Kindred declares, â€Å"in wealth and woe we will with you hold, for over his kin a man may be bold.† But once Kindred and Cousin realize Everyman’s destination, they back out. One of the funniest moments in the play is when Cousin refuses to go because he has a cramp in his toe. The overall message of the play’s first half is that relatives and friends (as reliable as they may seem) pale in comparison to the steadfast companionship of God. Goods vs. Good Deeds After getting rejected by fellow humans, Everyman turns his hopes to inanimate objects. He talks to a character named â€Å"Goods,† a role which represents Everyman’s material possessions and wealth. Everyman pleads for Goods to assist him in his hour of need, but they offer no comfort. In fact, the Goods chide Everyman, suggesting that he should have admired material objects moderately ​and that he should have given some of his goods to the poor. Not wanting to visit God (and subsequently be sent to hell), Goods abandons Everyman.​​ Finally, Everyman meets a character who will genuinely care for his plight. Good-Deeds is a character who symbolizes the acts of charity and kindness performed by Everyman. However, when the audience first meets Good-Deeds, she is laying on the ground, severely weakened by Everyman’s many sins. Enter Knowledge and Confession Good-Deeds introduces Everyman to her sister, Knowledge. This is another friendly character who will provide good advice to the protagonist. Knowledge serves as an important guide for Everyman, instructing him to seek out another character: Confession. Everyman is led to Confession. Readers expecting to hear a bunch of scandalous â€Å"dirt† on the main character, expecting him to beg forgiveness, or hoping he will at least apologize for whatever sins he has committed will be surprised here. Instead, Everyman asks for his vices to be wiped clean. Confession says that with penance, Everyman’s spirit may become clean once more. What does penance mean? In this  play, it means that Everyman undergoes a severe and purifying form of physical punishment. After he suffers, Everyman is amazed to discover that Good-Deeds is now free and strong, ready to stand by his side during his moment of judgment. The Five-Wits After this purging of the soul, Everyman is ready to meet his maker. Good-Deeds and Knowledge tell Everyman to call upon â€Å"three persons of great might† and his Five-Wits (his senses) as counselors. Everyman calls forth the characters Discretion, Strength, Beauty, and Five-Wits. Combined, they represent the core of his physical human experience. Unlike the first half of the play when he begged for help from his friends and family, Everyman is now relying on himself. However, even though he receives some good advice from each entity, he realizes that they will not go the distance as he journeys closer to his meeting with God. Like previous characters, these entities promise to stay by his side. Yet, when Everyman decides that it is time for his body to physically die (perhaps as part of his penance), Beauty, Strength, Discretion, and the Five-Wits abandon him. Beauty is the first one to take a hike, disgusted by the idea of lying in a grave. The others follow suit, and Everyman is left alone with Good-Deeds and Knowledge once again. Everyman Departs Knowledge explains that he won’t be going into the â€Å"heavenly sphere† with Everyman, but will stay with him until he departs from his physical body. This seems to imply that the soul does not retain its Earthly knowledge. However, Good-Deeds (as promised) will journey with Everyman. At the end of the play, Everyman commends his soul to God. After his departure, an angel arrives to announce that Everyman’s soul has been taken from his body and presented before God. A final narrator enters to explain to the audience that all should heed the lessons of Everyman: that everything in life is fleeting, with the exception of acts of kindness and charity. Overall Theme As one might expect from a morality play, Everyman has a very clear moral, one that is delivered at the beginning, middle, and end of the play. The blatantly religious message is simple: Earthly comforts are fleeting. Only good deeds and God’s grace can provide salvation. The lessons of the play are delivered in the form of allegorical characters, each one representing a variety of abstract concepts such as good deeds, material possessions, and knowledge. Who Wrote Everyman? Many morality plays were a collaborative effort by clergymen and residents (often tradesmen and guild members) of an English town. Over the years, lines would be changed, added, and deleted. Therefore, Everyman is probably the result of multiple authors and decades of literary evolution. Historical Context When Everyman summons the Five-Wits, a fascinating  discussion about the importance of the priesthood follows. FIVE-WITS:For priesthood exceedeth all other thing;To us Holy Scripture they do teach,And converteth man from sin heaven to reach;God hath to them more power given,Than to any angel that is in heaven According to the Five-Wits, priests are more powerful than angels. This reflects the prevalent role of priests in medieval society. In most European villages, the clergy were the moral leaders. However, the character of Knowledge mentions that priests are not perfect, and some of them have committed egregious sins. The discussion concludes with a general endorsement of the church as the surest path to salvation.

Discuss Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discuss - Research Paper Example Descartes’ inventions in philosophy and mathematics had considerable influence on the art of the 17th century. Previous accounts of the mind-body relationship had mostly been unidirectional, in that, people believed that either the body controlled the mind or vice versa. With Descartes’ dualism concept, people could now think of the relationship between mind and body as being two-way. Artists began to perceive the objects of their drawings as having a body and a mind that affected each other (94). Descartes’ discovery of the Cartesian coordinate system that enabled people to use geometric shapes in the expression of algebraic equations in 2-dimensions also impacted the world of art. Before Descartes’ discoveries, artists created their work without using geometric shapes and this only made it hard for them to achieve multiple dimensions in their artwork. However, with Descartes’ discovery, they could now use geometrical shapes to create 2-dimensional perspectives in their drawings and other artwork (105). Isaac Newton (1643-1727) is inarguably one of the most celebrated inventors in the history of mankind. He was a mathematician, physicist and astronomer from England. His most notable work lay in science and mechanics especially after his discovery of the laws of motion (Tiner 5). He enlightened people about the relationships between motion and force. He also played an instrumental role in the field of prisms. He is credited with discovering the source of colors (35). His discoveries had a profound effect on the thinking of his time, especially in relation to art. Prior to Newton’s discovery of the phenomenon of colors, people used to think that a mixture of light and darkness is what produced color. Newton, through his prism experiments, was able to determine and prove that light was the only element responsible for color. Various artists were